Name the repeated failure
One bad run can be execution or chance. A repeated loss under similar conditions is a stronger signal for an upgrade.
Describe the failure plainly: insufficient survival, poor carry capacity, weak room control, or inability to complete a planned objective.

Verify the effect
Do not infer an effect from furniture appearance or a label alone. Check the current in-game description and observe the relevant value or behavior before and after.
Keep upgrade cost and effect attached to the patch where they were checked.
Run the same test again
Use a comparable objective after the upgrade. If the bottleneck remains, decide whether the effect was misunderstood, too small, or not the real cause.
Do not layer several upgrades before measuring the first one.

Sources
Official GRAIN ROT Steam store page →